React: An Overview about SyntheticEvent
An efficient way to deal with all events across browsers.
SyntheticEvent is a wrapper based on the browser's native events.
It provides an unified API, prevents browser inconsistencies, and ensures that the event works across multiple platforms.
In this article, we'll cover the fundamentals of plain JavaScript events and React's Synthetic events.
JavaScript events
JavaScript events essentially allow a user to interact with a web application and implement operations, like registering click, focus, mouseover, and keypress actions when they are fired inside the browser.
Each JavaScript event has an event handler that works with an event listener. The event listener listens for the particular event that should occur, while the event handler is a function that contains code blocks that will be executed once the event is either registered or fired.
Synthetic Events
React Synthetic Events are very similar to Native Events, however, with Synthetic Events, the same API interface is implemented across multiple browsers.
Every Synthetic Events object has the following attributes:
boolean bubblesboolean cancelableDOMEventTarget currentTarget // the element that the handler is registeredboolean defaultPreventednumber eventPhaseboolean isTrustedDOMEvent nativeEventvoid preventDefault()boolean isDefaultPrevented()void stopPropagation()boolean isPropagationStopped()void persist()DOMEventTarget target // the element that the handler is triggerednumber timeStampstring typeHere is a log from Chrome Dev Tools Console where you can see it in action.
Both Synthetic Events and Native Events can implement the preventDefault and stopPropagation methods. However, synthetic events and native events are not exactly the same thing. For example, SyntheticEvent will point to mouseout for onMouseLeave Event.
You can always access native events with the nativeEvent attribute if you need direct access. Other SyntheticEvent attributes include DOMEventTarget, currentTarget, boolean defaultPrevented, and string type, to name a few.
Why it's useful
- Cross-browser: It wraps the brower's native event through nativeEvent attribute and provices a uniform api and consistent behavior on top level
- Better performance: Events are delegated to document through bubbling.
Key points
- Listen on document if you want to receive events after all React handlers.
- Listen anywhere else in order to receive before React handlers
- React event handlers will always execute after native capture handlers
Conclusion
Synthetic Events allows events in React to easily adapt to different browsers, solving an issue that has caused unnecessary frustration for developers.
